Radiation damage refers to the harmful effects that ionizing radiation can have on biological organisms, materials, and systems. This can include damage to cells and tissues in living organisms, degradation of materials such as metals and polymers, and deterioration of electronic components and other systems exposed to radiation. Research in this area aims to understand the mechanisms of radiation damage, develop strategies to mitigate or repair damage, and improve the safety and effectiveness of radiation-based technologies such as medical imaging and cancer treatment. Studies in radiation damage often involve the use of radiation sources such as X-rays, gamma rays, and particle beams to simulate and study the effects of radiation exposure.